Over the past few years we have established a research program aimed at a deeper understanding of the dynamics of long-distance polar auxin transport (PAT). That is, we are now at the stage that specific and deeper questions can be asked. However, with the advent of molecular genetics and suitable model systems, in particular Arabidopsis thaliana, our insight in biosynthesis, transport, perception and transduction has substantially increased. No wonder, that there exists a wealth of information in the literature as to auxin research. from the shoot to the root, but also over short distances thereby setting up gradients for example under the influence of environmental factors such as gravity and light, but also generating morphogenetic landscapes underlying pattern formation such as for example phyllotaxis. It is a very subtle system, that operates over long distances e.g. It is this polar cell-to-cell transport of auxin that makes it quite special as compared to other plant hormones, which are transported through phloem sieve cells and xylem vessels. In the root, auxin is transported in the central cylinder towards the root tip, where the transport direction is reversed, and auxin is transported over a relatively short distance in an upward direction by root cap and epidermal cells. It is synthesized in apical shoot meristems and leaf primordia, is transported in a basal direction by specialized parenchyma cells which reside in vascular bundles of leaves and vegetative and generative (inflorescence) stems. The plant hormone auxin (Indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) is one of these chemical messengers. Over the past few years an increasing number of articles show that in addition to the chemical messengers plants show both short-distance and long-distance electrical signaling. Plants employ a complex system of chemical messengers to allow for this coordination and their responses to environmental factors such as gravity, light, temperature and pathogens. Growth and development of (higher) plants takes a great deal of coordination between parts such as, for example, the shoot and the root system. Mathematical and computational analysis of the dynamics of polar transport of the plant hormone auxin.
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